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DBMS > Kdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Kdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameKdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh performance Time Series DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.65
Rank#85  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitekx.comwww.postgresql.orgrocksdb.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationcode.kx.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wikidocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerFacebook, Inc.OpenLink Software
Initial release2000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20031989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20131998
Current release3.6, May 201816.3, May 20248.11.4, April 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageqCC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes
Secondary indexesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (q)yes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
C++ API
Java API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infowith viewsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlrights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
KdbPostgreSQLRocksDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
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