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DBMS > InterSystems IRIS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison InterSystems IRIS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameInterSystems IRIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA containerised multi-model DBMS, interoperability and analytics data platform with wide capabilities for vertical and horizontal scalabilityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.54
Rank#84  Overall
#14  Document stores
#10  Key-value stores
#1  Object oriented DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Websitewww.intersystems.com/­products/­intersystems-irisazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.comgithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationdocs.intersystems.com/­irislatest/­csp/­docbook/­DocBook.UI.Page.clsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.combytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperInterSystemsMicrosoftMicrosoftStardog-UnionByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20182019201020102016
Current release2023.3, June 2023cloud service with continuous releasesV127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsAIX
Linux
macOS
Ubuntu
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemedepending on used data modelFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languages.Net
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Clusternone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesno
More information provided by the system vendor
InterSystems IRISMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTerarkDB
Specific characteristicsInterSystems IRIS is a complete cloud-first data platform which includes a multi-model...
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More resources
InterSystems IRISMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTerarkDB
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