DBMS > InterSystems IRIS vs. MariaDB vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison InterSystems IRIS vs. MariaDB vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A containerised multi-model DBMS, interoperability and analytics data platform with wide capabilities for vertical and horizontal scalability

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

TypeDB provides developers with an expressive, customizable type system to manage their data using an award-winning query language, TypeQL, while building on a high-performance, distributed architecture.

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS

column oriented

The type-theoretic data model of TypeDB subsumes the graph database model.
Object oriented DBMS

The data model of TypeDB comprises object-oriented features such as class inheritance and interfaces.
Relational DBMS

The type-theoretic data model of TypeDB subsumes the relational database model.

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.98
Rank	#91	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#14	Key-value stores
	#1	Object oriented DBMS
	#49	Relational DBMS

Score	83.44
Rank	#15	Overall
	#10	Relational DBMS

Score	2.91
Rank	#94	Overall
	#7	Graph DBMS

Score	3.28
Rank	#83	Overall
	#45	Relational DBMS

Score	0.65
Rank	#230	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#9	Object oriented DBMS
	#107	Relational DBMS

Website

www.intersystems.com/products/intersystems-iris

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

memgraph.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

typedb.com

Technical documentation

docs.intersystems.com/irislatest/csp/docbook/DocBook.UI.Page.cls

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

memgraph.com/docs

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

typedb.com/docs

Social network pages

Developer

InterSystems

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Memgraph Ltd

Microsoft

Vaticle

Initial release

2018

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2017

2019

2016

Current release

2023.3, June 2023

11.5.2, August 2024

cloud service with continuous releases

2.28.3, June 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

commercial

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Implementation language

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

AIX
Linux
macOS
Ubuntu
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

depending on used data model

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

schema-free and schema-optional

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (IDE)

Supported programming languages

.Net
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

All JVM based languages
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Synchronous replication via raft

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

relationships in graphs

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users, roles and permissions

Azure Active Directory Authentication

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

InterSystems IRIS is a complete cloud-first data platform which includes a multi-model...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
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TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
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TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
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Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
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Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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