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DBMS > Ingres vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. RRDtool

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.63
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.84
Rank#76  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score1.70
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.postgresql.orgoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingreswww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latestoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
DeveloperActian CorporationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesTobias Oetiker
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20091999
Current release12.0, July 202416.4, August 20243.2.0, December 20221.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editionOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCCErlangC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
HP-UX
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyesyesrestrictedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnono
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Erlangno
Triggersyesyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslypartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infono "single point of failure"none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factornone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesno infolinks between data sets can be storedno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, using Riak Securityno

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More resources
IngresPostgreSQLRiak KVRRDtool
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