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DBMS > Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostGIS vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostGIS vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpatial extension of PostgreSQLA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score22.69
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasepostgis.netwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlpostgis.net/­documentationdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperActian CorporationMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201020052017
Current release11.2, May 2022V123.4.2, February 20242.13.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++CC
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLuser defined functionsuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyyes infobased on PostgreSQLyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres Replicatoryes, with always 3 replicas availableyes infobased on PostgreSQLSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infobased on PostgreSQLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
IngresMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePostGISTimescaleDB
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Recent citations in the news

New startup from Postgres creator puts the database at heart of software stack
12 March 2024, TechCrunch

Postgres pioneer Michael Stonebraker promises to upend the database once more
26 December 2023, The Register

Actian Launches Ingres as a Fully-Managed Cloud Service
24 September 2021, Integration Developers

PostgreSQL now top developer choice ahead of MySQL, according to massive new survey • DEVCLASS
13 June 2023, DevClass

Dr. Michael Stonebraker: A Short History of Database Systems
1 February 2019, The New Stack

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Copilot in Azure SQL Database in Private Preview
27 March 2024, InfoQ.com

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25 April 2024, Microsoft

Microsoft unveils Copilot for Azure SQL Database
27 March 2024, InfoWorld

Azure SQL Database takes Saturday off on US east coast following network power failure
18 September 2023, The Register

Microsoft Announces a New Azure SQL Database Free Offer in Public Preview
1 October 2023, InfoQ.com

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TimescaleDB Is a Vector Database Now, Too
25 September 2023, Datanami

Timescale Acquires PopSQL to Bring a Modern, Collaborative SQL GUI to PostgreSQL Developers
4 April 2024, PR Newswire

Power IoT and time-series workloads with TimescaleDB for Azure Database for PostgreSQL
18 March 2019, Microsoft

Timescale Valuation Rockets to Over $1B with $110M Round, Marking the Explosive Rise of Time-Series Data
22 February 2022, Business Wire

Visualizing IoT Data at Scale With Hopara and TimescaleDB
16 May 2023, Embedded Computing Design

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