DBMS > Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OpenQM vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OpenQM vs. Tkrzw

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Well established RDBMS

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

QpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Multivalue DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#298	Overall
	#10	Multivalue DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores

Website

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-open-qm

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

Developer

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

Rocket Software, originally Martin Phillips

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2010

1993

2020

Current release

11.2, May 2022

V12

3.4-12

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

hosted

AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

with some exceptions

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Ingres Replicator

yes, with always 3 replicas available

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020
4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

Ingres CEO Burkhardt will bring open source perspective to Cloud Panel
10 May 2024, Database Journal

Postgres pioneer Michael Stonebraker promises to upend the database once more
26 December 2023, The Register

New startup from Postgres creator puts the database at heart of software stack
12 March 2024, TechCrunch

Actian Launches Ingres as a Fully-Managed Cloud Service
24 September 2021, Integration Developers

PostgreSQL now top developer choice ahead of MySQL, according to massive new survey • DEVCLASS
13 June 2023, DevClass

provided by Google News

Public Preview: New Azure SQL Database skills introduced to Microsoft Copilot in Azure | Azure updates
21 May 2024, Microsoft

Copilot in Azure SQL Database in Private Preview
27 March 2024, InfoQ.com

Microsoft unveils Copilot for Azure SQL Database
27 March 2024, InfoWorld

Azure SQL Database migration to OCI - resources estimation and migration approach
11 January 2024, blogs.oracle.com

Azure SQL Database takes Saturday off on US east coast following network power failure
18 September 2023, The Register

provided by Google News

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