DBMS > Ingres vs. LMDB vs. Oracle vs. Riak KV vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. LMDB vs. Oracle vs. Riak KV vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Well established RDBMS

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

Widely used RDBMS

Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	2.09
Rank	#121	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	4.01
Rank	#79	Overall
	#9	Key-value stores

Score	0.03
Rank	#392	Overall
	#8	Spatial DBMS

Website

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

www.oracle.com/database

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

docs.actian.com/ingres

www.lmdb.tech/doc

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest

Developer

Actian Corporation

Symas

Oracle

OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies

Mireo

Initial release

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2011

1980

2009

2020

Current release

11.2, May 2022

0.9.32, January 2024

23c, September 2023

3.2.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Erlang

C++

Server operating systems

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Erlang

Triggers

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Ingres Replicator

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

links between data sets can be stored

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes, using Riak Security

yes

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