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DBMS > InfluxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison InfluxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameInfluxDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDBMS for storing time series, events and metricsGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith GEO packageSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score25.83
Rank#28  Overall
#1  Time Series DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.influxdata.com/­products/­influxdb-overviewazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.influxdata.com/­influxdblearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftMicrosoftStardog-Union
Initial release20132014201920102010
Current release2.7.6, April 2024cloud service with continuous releasesV127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-License; commercial enterprise version availablecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X infothrough Homebrew
hostedhostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateNumeric data and Stringsyes infoJSON typesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API
JSON over UDP
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersnoJavaScriptyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoin enterprise version onlySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoin enterprise version onlyyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*Spark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoDepending on used storage enginenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlsimple rights management via user accountsAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
InfluxDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardog
Specific characteristicsInfluxData is the creator of InfluxDB , the open source time series database. It...
» more
Competitive advantagesTime to Value InfluxDB is available in all the popular languages and frameworks,...
» more
Typical application scenariosIoT & Sensor Monitoring Developers are witnessing the instrumentation of every available...
» more
Key customersInfluxData has more than 1,900 paying customers, including customers include MuleSoft,...
» more
Market metricsFastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
» more
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More resources
InfluxDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardog
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