DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. MariaDB vs. RavenDB vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. MariaDB vs. RavenDB vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	14.03
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.35
Rank	#283	Overall
	#41	Key-value stores
	#128	Relational DBMS

Score	93.81
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	3.01
Rank	#101	Overall
	#17	Document stores

Score	1.67
Rank	#150	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#69	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.leanxcale.com

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

ravendb.net

www.tarantool.io

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

ravendb.net/docs

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

LeanXcale

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Hibernating Rhinos

Initial release

2013

2015

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2010

2008

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

11.3.2, February 2024

5.4, July 2022

2.10.0, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

schema-free

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

through Apache Derby

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language (RQL)

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Open binary protocol

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
Java
Scala

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

yes

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

Triggers

yes

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

yes, write ahead logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Authorization levels configured per client per database

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

More information provided by the system vendor

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