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DBMS > Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. QuestDB vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. QuestDB vs. RDFox

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#300  Overall
#24  Graph DBMS
#13  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasequestdb.iowww.oxfordsemantic.tech
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlquestdb.io/­docsdocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
DeveloperCodenotaryMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncOxford Semantic Technologies
Initial release2020201020142017
Current release1.2.3, April 2022V126.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes infoRDF schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like syntaxyesSQL with time-series extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLno
Triggersnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyreplication via a shared file system
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access types
More information provided by the system vendor
ImmudbMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureQuestDBRDFox
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
ImmudbMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureQuestDBRDFox
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