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DBMS > Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostGIS vs. TempoIQ vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostGIS vs. TempoIQ vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpatial extension of PostgreSQLScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score21.72
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerpostgis.nettempoiq.com (offline)github.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerpostgis.net/­documentationgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperCodenotaryMicrosoftTempoIQAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20202019200520122012
Current release1.2.3, April 2022cloud service with continuous releases3.4.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoCJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like syntaxKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesnono
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP APIJava API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsnoyes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes infoRealtime Alertsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infobased on PostgreSQLyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infobased on PostgreSQLyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infobased on PostgreSQLsimple authentication-based access controlUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
ImmudbMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostGISTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDBTitan
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Recent citations in the news

Codenotary brings its immutable database to the cloud
21 June 2023, TechCrunch

Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

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5 February 2024, azure.microsoft.com

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