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DBMS > Immudb vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. mSQL vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. mSQL vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServermSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#167  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
maxdb.sap.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasehughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iomaxdb.sap.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperCodenotarySAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997MicrosoftHughes TechnologiesStardog-Union
Initial release20201984201019942010
Current release1.2.3, April 20227.9.10.12, February 2024V124.4, October 20217.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C++CJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like syntaxyesyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesTransact SQLnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
ImmudbMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzuremSQL infoMini SQLStardog
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