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DBMS > Immudb vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PieCloudDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PieCloudDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPieCloudDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA cloud-native analytic database platform with new technologoy for elastic MPPRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score0.45
Rank#262  Overall
#123  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.25
Rank#304  Overall
#138  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.kingbase.com.cnazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.openpie.comrdf4j.org
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperCodenotaryBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.MicrosoftOpenPieSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2020199920102004
Current release1.2.3, April 2022V8.0, August 2021V122.1, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC and JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like syntaxStandard with numerous extensionsyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PL/SQL
Python
R
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsTransact SQLuser defined functionsyes
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningyesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, with always 3 replicas availableyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser Roles and pluggable authentication with full SQL Standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
ImmudbKingbaseMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePieCloudDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsPieCloudDB, OpenPie's flagship product, is a cutting-edge cloud-native data warehouse....
» more
Competitive advantagesExtreme Elastic: PieCloudDB utilizes a cutting-edge eMPP cloud-native architecture...
» more
Typical application scenariosPieCloudDB is ideal for Data mining applications that require extreme scalability...
» more
Key customersSail-Cloud China Shipbuilding Group Haizhou System Soochow Securities ​etc.,
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsPieCloudDB Community Edition: Community License, Free Download, Self-Hosted Deployment;...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
ImmudbKingbaseMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePieCloudDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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