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DBMS > Immudb vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score0.50
Rank#257  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.kingbase.com.cnazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperCodenotaryBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.MicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release2020199920102016
Current release1.2.3, April 2022V8.0, August 2021V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC and JavaC++C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
hostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like syntaxStandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsTransact SQLTransact SQL
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
ImmudbKingbaseMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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