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DBMS > IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseorientdb.orgwww.stardog.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014MicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPStardog-Union8Kdata
Initial release20102010201020102016
Current releaseV123.2.29, March 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangC++JavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query language, no joinsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptTransact SQLJava, Javascriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersyesyesHooksyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes inforelationship in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoOptimistic lockingyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
IBM CloudantMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOrientDBStardogToroDB
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