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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr vs. SWC-DB

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr vs. SWC-DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonSWC-DB infoSuper Wide Column Database  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneA high performance, scalable Wide Column DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Search engineWide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score0.01
Rank#376  Overall
#13  Wide column stores
Websitehsqldb.orgneo4j.comwww.postgresql.orgsolr.apache.orggithub.com/­kashirin-alex/­swc-db
www.swcdb.org
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlneo4j.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docssolr.apache.org/­resources.html
DeveloperNeo4j, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software FoundationAlex Kashirin
Initial release200120071989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20062020
Current release2.7.2, June 20235.20, May 202416.3, May 20249.6.0, April 20240.5, April 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaCJavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSolr Parallel SQL InterfaceSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Proprietary protocol
Thrift
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java pluginsno
Triggersyesyes infovia event handleryesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBNeo4jPostgreSQLSolrSWC-DB infoSuper Wide Column Database
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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