DBMS > HyperSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. Redis vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. Redis vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments

Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies.

RDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Key-value store

Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

with RedisJSON
Graph DBMS

with RedisGraph
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

with RediSearch
Time Series DBMS

with RedisTimeSeries
Vector DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.49
Rank	#87	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	157.80
Rank	#6	Overall
	#1	Key-value stores

Score	4.25
Rank	#79	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	5.60
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Website

hsqldb.org

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

redis.com
redis.io

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sql-anywhere.html

www.singlestore.com

Technical documentation

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.redis.com/latest/index.html
redis.io/docs

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_SQL_Anywhere

docs.singlestore.com

Developer

Vesoft Inc.

Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo

Development sponsored by Redis Inc.

SAP

formerly Sybase

SingleStore Inc.

Initial release

2001

2019

2009

1992

2013

Current release

2.7.2, June 2023

7.2.4, January 2024

17, July 2015

8.5, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise

commercial

free developer edition available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

Java

C++

C++, Go

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Linux

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc.

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

64 bit version required

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

with RediSearch module

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

with RediSQL module

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol

ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

user defined functions

Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github)

yes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl

yes

Triggers

yes

publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding

none

Sharding

hash partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Multi-source replication

with Redis Enterprise Pack
Source-replica replication

Chained replication is supported

Source-replica replication

Database mirroring

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

through RedisGears

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases
Strong consistency with Redis Raft
Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl
LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise
Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption
Password-based authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.