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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenQM vs. PostgreSQL vs. Teradata

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenQM vs. PostgreSQL vs. Teradata

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOpenQM infoalso called QM  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSQpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.34
Rank#284  Overall
#10  Multivalue DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score44.87
Rank#22  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Websitehsqldb.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-open-qmwww.postgresql.orgwww.teradata.com
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.teradata.com
DeveloperMicrosoftRocket Software, originally Martin PhillipsPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTeradata
Initial release2001198919931989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1984
Current release2.7.2, June 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20223.4-1216.3, May 2024Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hosted
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyes infowith some exceptionsyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash index
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL 2016 + extensions
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallel
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infoHashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft SQL ServerOpenQM infoalso called QMPostgreSQLTeradata
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