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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TDengine

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitehsqldb.orgwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasegithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.tdengine.com
DeveloperLeanXcaleMicrosoftTDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release2001201520102019
Current release2.7.2, June 2023V123.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infothrough Apache DerbyyesStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLTransact SQLno
Triggersyesyesyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTDengine
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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More resources
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTDengine
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020
4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

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