DBMS > Hive vs. LMDB vs. MariaDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. LMDB vs. MariaDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	1.99
Rank	#125	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores

Score	93.21
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	5.92
Rank	#58	Overall
	#10	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#6	Search engines

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

hive.apache.org

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

www.marklogic.com

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

www.lmdb.tech/doc

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

docs.marklogic.com

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Symas

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

MarkLogic Corp.

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2011

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2001

2014

Current release

3.1.3, April 2022

0.9.32, January 2024

11.3.2, February 2024

11.0, December 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++

Scala

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Unix
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

SQL92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C++
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes, with Range Indexes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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