DBMS > Hive vs. JanusGraph vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. OrientDB vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. JanusGraph vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. OrientDB vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters

It was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017

Widely used in-process key-value store

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	1.94
Rank	#129	Overall
	#12	Graph DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#117	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

hive.apache.org

janusgraph.org

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

orientdb.org

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

docs.janusgraph.org

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2012

2017

1994

2010

2000

Current release

3.1.3, April 2022

0.6.3, February 2023

18.1.40, May 2020

3.2.29, March 2024

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C++
Java
PHP
Python

Clojure
Java
Python

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Java, Javascript

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

Hooks

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

depending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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