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DBMS > etcd vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle NoSQL

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle NoSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchFully managed big data interactive analytics platformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes
Primary database modelKey-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.95
Rank#100  Overall
#17  Document stores
#17  Key-value stores
#50  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­spotify/­heroicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosql
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
spotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.html
DeveloperSpotifyMicrosoftMicrosoftOracle
Initial release2014201920162011
Current release3.4, August 2019cloud service with continuous releases23.3, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedhostedLinux
Solaris SPARC/x86
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesnoyes infovia Elasticsearchall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLno
Triggersyes, watching key changesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesElectable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknowith Hadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infooff heap cache
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
etcdHeroicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle NoSQL
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