DBMS > dBASE vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.34
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	0.51
Rank	#255	Overall
	#21	Time Series DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.65
Rank	#234	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#107	Relational DBMS

Website

www.dbase.com

github.com/spotify/heroic

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

typedb.com

Technical documentation

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

spotify.github.io/heroic

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

typedb.com/docs

Developer

Asthon Tate

Spotify

Microsoft

Vaticle

Initial release

1979

2014

2016

Current release

dBASE 2019, 2019

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

dBase proprietary IDE

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

JavaScript

Triggers

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Licensing and pricing models

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