DBMS > atoti vs. Heroic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison atoti vs. Heroic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Object oriented DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.61
Rank	#243	Overall
	#10	Object oriented DBMS

Score	0.46
Rank	#265	Overall
	#22	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.36
Rank	#280	Overall
	#40	Key-value stores
	#129	Relational DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

atoti.io

github.com/spotify/heroic

www.leanxcale.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

docs.atoti.io

spotify.github.io/heroic

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

ActiveViam

Spotify

LeanXcale

Microsoft

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2014

2015

2019

2000

Current release

cloud service with continuous releases

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free versions available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

server-less

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Multidimensional Expressions (MDX)

yes

through Apache Derby

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C
Java
Scala

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Python

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Azure Active Directory Authentication

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