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DBMS > etcd vs. Hazelcast vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Hazelcast vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeA widely adopted in-memory data gridWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.64
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score6.87
Rank#55  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score45.84
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score3.47
Rank#93  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
hazelcast.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
hazelcast.org/­imdg/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­hanadocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperHazelcastPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAPRocket Software
Initial release20081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20101985
Current release3.4, August 20195.3.6, November 202316.2, February 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoJavaCC
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-serviceAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, Ryes
Triggersyes, watching key changesyes infoEventsyesyesyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDACIDACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
etcdHazelcastPostgreSQLSAP HANAUniData,UniVerse
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