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DBMS > Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA widely adopted in-memory data gridFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitehazelcast.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.comtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.comtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperHazelcastMicrosoftMicrosoftStardog-UnionApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20082019201020102014
Current release5.3.6, November 2023cloud service with continuous releasesV127.3.0, May 20202.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC++, Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyesyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsJCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyes infoEventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoReplicated Mapyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitednoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
HazelcastMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTrafodion
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