DBMS > dBASE vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Ingres vs. QuestDB vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Ingres vs. QuestDB vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.

Well established RDBMS

A high performance open source SQL database for time series data

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	9.70
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#366	Overall
	#39	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	2.70
Rank	#105	Overall
	#8	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

www.dbase.com

www.hawkular.org

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

questdb.io

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

www.hawkular.org/hawkular-metrics/docs/user-guide

docs.actian.com/ingres

questdb.io/docs

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Asthon Tate

Community supported by Red Hat

Actian Corporation

QuestDB Technology Inc

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

1979

2014

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2014

2013

Current release

dBASE 2019, 2019

11.2, May 2022

9.2.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust

C++

Server operating systems

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL with time-series extensions

APIs and other access methods

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

HTTP REST

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

dBase proprietary IDE

Go
Java
Python
Ruby

PostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

over HTTP

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

yes

Triggers

yes

via Hawkular Alerting

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

horizontal partitioning (by timestamps)

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Ingres Replicator

Source-replica replication with eventual consistency

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

ACID

ACID for single-table writes

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

through memory mapped files

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more

Competitive advantages

High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more

Key customers

Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more

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