DBMS > Hawkular Metrics vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Tarantool vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Hawkular Metrics vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Tarantool vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.00
Rank	#379	Overall
	#40	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#144	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.hawkular.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.tarantool.io

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

www.hawkular.org/hawkular-metrics/docs/user-guide

docs.immudb.io

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Community supported by Red Hat

Codenotary

Microsoft

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2014

2020

1989

2008

2019

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.10.0, May 2022

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

yes

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

HTTP REST

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Open binary protocol

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

Triggers

yes

via Hawkular Alerting

yes

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, write ahead logging

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

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