DBMS > HarperDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Immudb vs. MariaDB vs. VictoriaMetrics

System Properties Comparison HarperDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Immudb vs. MariaDB vs. VictoriaMetrics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

A fast, cost-effective and scalable Time Series DBMS and monitoring solution

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.60
Rank	#244	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	2.75
Rank	#104	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	91.04
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	1.23
Rank	#172	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.harperdb.io

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

victoriametrics.com

Technical documentation

docs.harperdb.io/docs

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

docs.immudb.io

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

docs.victoriametrics.com
github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/wiki

Developer

HarperDB

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Codenotary

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

VictoriaMetrics

Initial release

2017

2010

2020

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2018

Current release

3.1, August 2021

1.2.3, April 2022

11.3.2, February 2024

v1.91, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free community edition available

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Implementation language

Node.js

Erlang

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X

hosted

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
OpenBSD

Data scheme

dynamic schema

schema-free

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like data manipulation statements

SQL-like syntax

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Graphite protocol
InfluxDB Line Protocol
OpenTSDB
Prometheus Query API
Prometheus Remote Read/Write

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Synchronous replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomic execution of specific operations

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes, using LMDB

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

Access rights for users can be defined per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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