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DBMS > HBase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison HBase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitehbase.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasespark.apache.org/­sqlwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoftApache Software FoundationStardog-Union
Initial release2008201020142010
Current release2.3.4, January 2021V123.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoCoprocessors in JavaTransact SQLnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
HBaseMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSpark SQLStardog
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