DBMS > HBase vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison HBase vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters

It was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	2.02
Rank	#125	Overall
	#12	Graph DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

hbase.apache.org

janusgraph.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

hbase.apache.org/book.html

docs.janusgraph.org

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2008

2017

1989

2014

Current release

2.3.4, January 2021

0.6.3, February 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Scala

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Clojure
Java
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Coprocessors in Java

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

depending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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