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DBMS > H2 vs. Oracle vs. QuestDB vs. Splice Machine vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Oracle vs. QuestDB vs. Splice Machine vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Widely used RDBMSA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and SparkWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score0.54
Rank#250  Overall
#114  Relational DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.oracle.com/­databasequestdb.iosplicemachine.comwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasequestdb.io/­docssplicemachine.com/­how-it-workswww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperThomas MuellerOracleQuestDB Technology IncSplice MachineDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20051980201420142000
Current release2.2.220, July 202323c, September 20233.1, March 20213.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustJavaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-less
Data schemeyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL with time-series extensionsyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesJavaC
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possiblenoyes infoJavano
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)Shared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be realized in PL/SQLnoYes, via Full Spark Integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID for single-table writesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes infothrough memory mapped filesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
H2OracleQuestDBSplice MachineSQLite
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
H2OracleQuestDBSplice MachineSQLite
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