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DBMS > H2 vs. MonetDB vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. MonetDB vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MongoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A relational database management system that stores data in columnsA drop-in replacement for MongoDB Community Edition with enterprise-grade features.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score0.52
Rank#254  Overall
#39  Document stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.monetdb.orgwww.percona.com/­mongodb/­software/­percona-server-for-mongodbwww.postgresql.orgwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationdocs.percona.com/­percona-distribution-for-mongodbwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperThomas MuellerMonetDB BVPerconaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release2005200420151989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2000
Current release2.2.220, July 2023Dec2023 (11.49), December 20233.4.10-2.10, November 201716.3, May 20243.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoGPL Version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC++CC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
proprietary protocol using JSONADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesJavaC
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Clojure
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes, in SQL, C, RJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding via remote tablesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infovia In-Memory Enginenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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