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DBMS > H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OrientDB vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OrientDB vs. Tkrzw

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websitewww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseorientdb.orgdbmx.net/­tkrzw
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperThomas MuellerMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPMikio Hirabayashi
Initial release2005201020102020
Current release2.2.220, July 2023V123.2.29, March 20240.9.3, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like query language, no joinsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQLJava, Javascriptno
TriggersyesyesHooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infousing specific database classes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableno

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More resources
H2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOrientDBTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
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