DBMS > etcd vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Valentina Server

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Valentina Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed reliable key-value store

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Object-relational database and reports server

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#327	Overall
	#145	Relational DBMS

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.h2database.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.valentina-db.net

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

valentina-db.com/docs/dokuwiki/v5/doku.php

Developer

Thomas Mueller

Microsoft

Paradigma Software

Initial release

2005

2010

1989

1999

Current release

3.4, August 2019

2.2.220, July 2023

V12

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

5.7.5

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Transact SQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes, with always 3 replicas available

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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