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DBMS > H2 vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score104.92
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#122  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-serverspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATESTspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperThomas MuellerMicrosoftMicrosoftPerconaApache Software Foundation
Initial release20051992201020082014
Current release2.2.220, July 20231902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019V128.0.36-28, 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++C and C++Scala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyesyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJavaC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineTransact SQLyesno
Triggersyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesno

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More resources
H2Microsoft AccessMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePercona Server for MySQLSpark SQL
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