DBMS > H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Trafodion vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Trafodion vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#341	Overall
	#150	Relational DBMS

Website

www.h2database.com

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

trafodion.apache.org

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

Developer

Thomas Mueller

Google

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Transaction Software GmbH

Initial release

2005

2011

2010

2014

1987

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

1.23, February 2021

V12

2.3.0, February 2019

Transbase 8.3, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free development license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

C++, Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

Java

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Transact SQL

Java Stored Procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

yes, with always 3 replicas available

yes, via HBase

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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