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DBMS > H2 vs. LeanXcale vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. LeanXcale vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score0.35
Rank#283  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#128  Relational DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#118  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.leanxcale.comwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperThomas MuellerLeanXcaleSymasMicrosoft
Initial release2005201520112010
Current release2.2.220, July 20230.9.32, January 2024V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infothrough Apache Derbynoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJavaC
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoTransact SQL
Triggersyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
H2LeanXcaleLMDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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