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DBMS > H2 vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonInterSystems IRIS  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A containerised multi-model DBMS, interoperability and analytics data platform with wide capabilities for vertical and horizontal scalabilityWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.54
Rank#84  Overall
#14  Document stores
#10  Key-value stores
#1  Object oriented DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.intersystems.com/­products/­intersystems-iriswww.postgresql.orgwww.sqlite.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.intersystems.com/­irislatest/­csp/­docbook/­DocBook.UI.Page.clswww.postgresql.org/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperThomas MuellerInterSystemsPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerDwayne Richard HippJuxt Ltd.
Initial release200520181989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20002019
Current release2.2.220, July 20232023.3, June 202316.3, May 20243.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoPublic DomainOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCCClojure
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
Linux
macOS
Ubuntu
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-lessAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesdepending on used data modelyesyes infodynamic column typesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedlimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersyesyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
H2InterSystems IRISPostgreSQLSQLiteXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsInterSystems IRIS is a complete cloud-first data platform which includes a multi-model...
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