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DBMS > H2 vs. HugeGraph vs. MariaDB vs. Neo4j vs. VictoriaMetrics

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. HugeGraph vs. MariaDB vs. Neo4j vs. VictoriaMetrics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonVictoriaMetrics  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsA fast, cost-effective and scalable Time Series DBMS and monitoring solution
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#336  Overall
#32  Graph DBMS
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1.32
Rank#162  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comgithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
mariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
neo4j.comvictoriametrics.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhugegraph.apache.org/­docsmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­libraryneo4j.com/­docsdocs.victoriametrics.com
github.com/­VictoriaMetrics/­VictoriaMetrics/­wiki
DeveloperThomas MuellerBaiduMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
Neo4j, Inc.VictoriaMetrics
Initial release200520182009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 199520072018
Current release2.2.220, July 20230.911.3.2, February 20245.19, April 2024v1.91, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC and C++Java, ScalaGo
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS
Unix
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
OpenBSD
Data schemeyesyesyes infoDynamic columns are supportedschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Graphite protocol
InfluxDB Line Protocol
OpenTSDB
Prometheus Query API
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
Supported programming languagesJavaGroovy
Java
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsasynchronous Gremlin script jobsyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3yes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersyesnoyesyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Shardingyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySynchronous replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnovia hugegraph-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoedges in graphyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes infowith MEMORY storage engineno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
H2HugeGraphMariaDBNeo4jVictoriaMetrics
Specific characteristicsMariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesMariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosWeb, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersDeutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsMariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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