DBMS > GridDB vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Redis vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison GridDB vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Redis vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big Data

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments

Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies.

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Key-value store

Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence

Document store

Secondary database models

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

Document store

with RedisJSON
Graph DBMS

with RedisGraph
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

with RediSearch
Time Series DBMS

with RedisTimeSeries
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.09
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Time Series DBMS

Score	91.04
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	155.94
Rank	#6	Overall
	#1	Key-value stores

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

griddb.net

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

redis.com
redis.io

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.griddb.net

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

docs.redis.com/latest/index.html
redis.io/docs

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Toshiba Corporation

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Microsoft

Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo

Development sponsored by Redis Inc.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2013

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2019

2009

2019

Current release

5.1, August 2022

11.3.2, February 2024

cloud service with continuous releases

7.2.5, May 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also available

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

commercial

Open Source

source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

hosted

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc.

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

numerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestamp

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

with RediSearch module

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)

yes

with proprietary extensions

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

with RediSQL module

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github)

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Multi-source replication

with Redis Enterprise Pack
Source-replica replication

Chained replication is supported

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Connector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobs

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

through RedisGears

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containers

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases
Strong consistency with Redis Raft
Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID at container level

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Azure Active Directory Authentication

Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl
LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise
Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption
Password-based authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

GridDB is a highly scalable, in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Competitive advantages

1. Optimized for IoT Equipped with Toshiba's proprietary key-container data model...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenarios

Factory IoT, Automative Industry, Energy, BEMS, Smart Community, Monitoring system.
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customers

Denso International [see use case ] An Electric Power company [see use case ] Ishinomaki...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metrics

GitHub trending repository
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing models

Open Source license (AGPL v3 & Apache v2) Commercial license (subscription)
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MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.