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DBMS > GridDB vs. Immudb vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison GridDB vs. Immudb vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGridDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big DataAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.91
Rank#123  Overall
#10  Time Series DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score0.44
Rank#258  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.72
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitegriddb.netgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.kingbase.com.cnazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaserdf4j.org
Technical documentationdocs.griddb.netdocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperToshiba CorporationCodenotaryBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.MicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20132020199920102004
Current release5.1, August 20221.2.3, April 2022V8.0, August 2021V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++GoC and JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infonumerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestampyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)SQL-like syntaxStandard with numerous extensionsyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsTransact SQLyes
Triggersyesnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesyes, with always 3 replicas availablenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsConnector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containersImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID at container levelACIDACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
GridDBImmudbKingbaseMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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