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DBMS > Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Rdb vs. SingleStore vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Rdb vs. SingleStore vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.71
Rank#46  Overall
#29  Relational DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score1.04
Rank#184  Overall
#84  Relational DBMS
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#61  Key-value stores
Websitegreenplum.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlwww.singlestore.comgithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationdocs.greenplum.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmldocs.singlestore.combytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperPivotal Software Inc.MicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)SingleStore Inc.ByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20052019198420132016
Current release7.0.0, September 2023cloud service with continuous releases7.4.1.1, 20218.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial infofree developer edition availablecommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++, GoC++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedHP Open VMSLinux info64 bit version required
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infosince Version 4.2yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesno
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infohash partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoyes, on a single nodeACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesno

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More resources
GreenplumMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOracle RdbSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTerarkDB
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