DBMS > Greenplum vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenMLDB vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Greenplum vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenMLDB vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database

A logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.

Well established RDBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

An open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inference

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.71
Rank	#46	Overall
	#29	Relational DBMS

Score	3.63
Rank	#79	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#339	Overall
	#30	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.44
Rank	#152	Overall
	#14	Graph DBMS

Website

greenplum.org

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

openmldb.ai

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

docs.greenplum.org

docs.actian.com/ingres

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

openmldb.ai/docs/zh/main

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

Pivotal Software Inc.

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

4 Paradigm Inc.

Initial release

2005

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

1989

2020

2017

Current release

7.0.0, September 2023

12.0, July 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2024-2 February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

C++

C++, Java, Scala

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Fixed schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

since Version 4.2

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
SQLAlchemy

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Ingres Replicator

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

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