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DBMS > Greenplum vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. LeanXcale vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Greenplum vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. LeanXcale vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesIn-memory JavaScript DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.08
Rank#48  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#366  Overall
#39  Time Series DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitegreenplum.orgwww.hawkular.orgwww.leanxcale.comgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdocs.greenplum.orgwww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidetechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperPivotal Software Inc.Community supported by Red HatLeanXcaleMicrosoft
Initial release20052014201520142019
Current release7.0.0, September 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaScript
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infosince Version 4.2nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infovia viewsall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infothrough Apache DerbynoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP RESTJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
JavaScript APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Perl
Python
R
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
C
Java
Scala
JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoView functions in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infobased on CassandranoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandranoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonoAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
GreenplumHawkular MetricsLeanXcaleLokiJSMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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