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DBMS > GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. Stardog vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. Stardog vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonYDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRDF storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.35
Rank#278  Overall
#43  Document stores
#127  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaserdf4j.orgwww.stardog.comgithub.com/­ydb-platform/­ydb
ydb.tech
Technical documentationgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.stardog.comydb.tech/­en/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperOntotextMicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Stardog-UnionYandex
Initial release20002010200420102019
Current release10.4, October 2023V127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0; commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyes infoRDF Schemasschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerSQL-like query language (YQL)
APIs and other access methodsGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQLyesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersnoyesyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterActive-passive shard replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights defined for Yandex Cloud users
More information provided by the system vendor
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameStardogYDB
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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More resources
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameStardogYDB
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