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DBMS > GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value storeRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#114  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#231  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlrdf4j.org
Technical documentationgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperOntotextMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2000201019942004
Current release10.4, October 2023V1218.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableno
APIs and other access methodsGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQLnoyes
Triggersnoyesyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono
More information provided by the system vendor
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Berkeley DBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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