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DBMS > GraphDB vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. QuestDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSA high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.ontotext.commariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverquestdb.io
Technical documentationgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarylearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverquestdb.io/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperOntotextMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
MicrosoftQuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release20002009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 199519892014
Current release10.4, October 202311.3.2, February 2024SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++C++Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes infoDynamic columns are supportedyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes infowith proprietary extensionsyesSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Shardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infowith MEMORY storage engineyesyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMariaDBMicrosoft SQL ServerQuestDB
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
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Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
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Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMariaDBMicrosoft SQL ServerQuestDB
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