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DBMS > GraphDB vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitewww.ontotext.commariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dborientdb.org
Technical documentationgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarylearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperOntotextMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
MicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release20002009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 199520142010
Current release10.4, October 202311.3.2, February 20243.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes infoDynamic columns are supportedschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3JavaScriptJava, Javascript
TriggersnoyesJavaScriptHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneseveral options for horizontal partitioning and ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infowith MEMORY storage engine
User concepts infoAccess controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMariaDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOrientDB
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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More resources
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMariaDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOrientDB
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