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DBMS > GraphDB vs. Greenplum vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. Greenplum vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#93  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#3  RDF stores
Score6.85
Rank#51  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.08
Rank#86  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score76.53
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.ontotext.comgreenplum.orghsqldb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasegithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.greenplum.orghsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
Social network pagesGitHubLinkedInTwitterMediumYouTube
DeveloperOntotextPivotal Software Inc.Microsoft8Kdata
Initial release20002005200120102016
Current release10.4, October 20237.0.0, September 20232.7.2, June 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2noyesno
Secondary indexesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyesJava, SQLTransact SQL
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMGreenplumHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureToroDB
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

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More resources
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMGreenplumHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureToroDB
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